Abstract
Decarbonisation to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 requires a range of technological solutions, with renewable fuels playing a vital role, particularly in sectors that are difficult to electrify directly. Regulation and technological development are essential to reduce costs and foster the renewable fuels market. However, regulation may include elements that act as barriers to investment in renewable fuels. This article, based on a qualitative research process combining a review of various bibliographic sources and contributions from a discussion group, presents the regulatory context in Europe and Spain. It then presents and analyses three general issues (technological neutrality, regulatory flexibility, and regulatory cooperation) and four specific issues relating to the regulation of renewable fuels (sustainability criteria, the renewable CO₂ sunset clause, infrastructure, and public incentives), which are key to their development. The paper concludes with a summary of the main findings.
- How to cite: Larrea-Basterra, M. (2026). Regulatory elements for the development of a renewable fuels market. Oñati Socio-Legal Series. https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2708
